Dr. Natthapong Wongwiwat, Deputy Director-General of the Department of Medical Services, explained that sugar substitutes can be either caloric or non-caloric, suitable for diabetics and those looking to manage their health and weight. While many products are available, they should be consumed in limited quantities due to potential health effects. Consumers are advised to carefully study product labels and consult their doctor if they have diabetes.

Dr. Jinda Rojanamethin, Director of Rajavithi Hospital, elaborated on the two types of sugar substitutes:

1. Energy Sweeteners:
   - Sugar Group Sweeteners: Found in milk, sugar, and fruits (e.g., glucose, sucrose, fructose).
   - Sugar Alcohol Sweeteners: Found in plants, vegetables, fruits, and extracted from sugarcane and cassava (e.g., xylitol, sorbitol).

2. Non-Caloric Sweeteners:
   - Synthetic Sweeteners: E.g., aspartame, which closely resembles table sugar.
   - Natural Sweeteners: E.g., stevia, Lu Han Guo extract, which contain no calories.

Dr. Pattavut Chuntupama, Head of the Surgical Critical Care Unit, Rajavithi Hospital, addressed common misconceptions, clarifying that sugar substitutes do not cause cancer or diabetes when used appropriately and may even promote the growth of good bacteria in the intestines. He recommends natural sweeteners like Lu Han Guo for their low side effects.

Both sugar and sugar substitutes have benefits and drawbacks, and moderation is key for optimal health.

For more details, visit the Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand.